中文摘要：

银基陶瓷复合电极可望在中低温固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）、含碳燃料SOFCs和固体氧化物电解池（SOECs）中得到广泛应用。为优选出银基陶瓷复合电极的成分,本研究采用YSZ（钇稳定化氧化锆）电解质,先将Ag-YSZ和Ag-GDC（掺钆氧化铈）材料制备成对称电极,测试其在空气下的阻抗谱,由此判断其作为阴极的性能;发现在相同的Ag含量时,Ag-YSZ的阴极极化电阻普遍低于Ag-GDC;当Ag的质量分数为65%时,Ag-YSZ的极化电阻最低,而对于Ag-GDC,Ag的质量分数是70%。然后采用空气中极化电阻最低的Ag-YSZ和Ag-GDC作为电极制备了SOFC单电池,并采用加湿氢气燃料对电池的电化学性能进行了测试。根据电池的阻抗谱数据,将极化阻抗的数值减去上述阴极阻抗的数值可得到阳极阻抗值,其结果和电池的输出特性均表明,Ag-GDC作为阳极的性能优于Ag-YSZ,即在本实验条件下,Ag-YSZ更适合用作阴极,而Ag-GDC更适合用作阳极。本研究不仅提供了关于银基复合电极材料的有用数据,还提供了一种测试SOFC阳极极化电阻的方法。

英文摘要：

Silver-based ceramic composite electrodes are expected to be widely applied in medium- or lowtemperature solid oxide fuel cells（SOFCs）, SOFCs operated on carbon- containing fuels, and solid oxide electrolysis cells（SOECs）. To optimize the composition of a silver-based ceramic composite electrode, the performances of Ag-YSZ（yttrium-stabilized zirconia） and Ag-GDC（gadolinium doped ceria） are investigated.First, they are used as electrode materials to make symmetric electrodes on a YSZ electrolyte, to which impedance spectra are measured in an ambient atmosphere to evaluate their feasibility as cathode materials.It was found that that Ag-YSZ reaches the lowest polarization resistance when the content of Ag is 65%（w, mass fraction）, while for Ag- GDC, the value is 70%（w）. The Ag- YSZ and Ag- GDC with the lowest polarization resistance are used as electrode materials to make SOFC single cells whose electrochemical performances are tested. The polarization resistance of an anode of the SOFCs can be obtained by subtracting the cathode polarization resistance from the overall SOFC polarization resistance. Both the polarization resistance result and the output performance show that the performance of Ag-GDC is superior to Ag-YSZ as an anode. In the present work, Ag-YSZ is more suitable as the cathode and the Ag-GDC as the anode. The present work provides not only useful data for Ag- based composite electrodes but also a method for measuring the polarization resistance of SOFC anodes.