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连环湖马圈泡沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险

ISSN号：1000-0690
期刊名称：地理科学
时间：2014.1
页码：505-512
分类：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]
作者机构：[1]哈尔滨师范大学黑龙江省普通高等学校地理环境遥感监测重点实验室,哈尔滨150025, [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101, [3]江苏省气候变化协同创新中心,南京210093
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（41030743,42171217,41471171）;黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（D201302）
相关项目：松嫩平原LUCC对湖沼生态系统的影响及调控机理研究

关键词：耕地空间分布格局, 重建方法比较, 清末, 松嫩平原, spatial reconstruction of cropland, comparison of reconstruction approaches, late Qing Dynasty, Songnen Plain

中文摘要：

揭示历史时期土地利用／覆盖变化是认识人类活动对气候和环境影响的基础。本文在耕地面积、人口数量、土地利用及森林分布等多源数据基础上，分别以近代耕地空间分布格局和历史时期耕地潜在分布区为边界条件，通过构建耕地垦殖倾向指数模型分配耕地面积，在1km-1km象元尺度上重建了清末（1908年）松嫩平原耕地空间格局，并对重建结果进行分析比较。结果表明：①两种方法重建的耕地空间分布范围格局基本一致，耕地空间定位吻合率约为68％。清末（1908年）耕地集中分布在松嫩平原东部和南部地区；②以历史时期耕地潜在分布为边界条件的重建结果，较以近代耕地空间分布格局为限制范围的重建结果更准确，更符合历史事实。

英文摘要：

For understanding historical human-induced land use/cover change and its climatic effects, it is primary to reconstruct historical land use/cover changes with explicit spatial information. In this study, based on the historical documental cropland area at county level, we reconstructed the spatially explicit cropland distribution at pixel size of 1 km for the Songnen Plain in the late Qing Dynasty （1908AD）. Two methods were used to perform the reconstructions. One method （hereafter, method I） allocated the cropland into pixels following the order from high agriculture suitability index （ASI） to low ASI within the domain of cropland area in 1959. This method was based on a hypothesis that the cropland area domain in 1959 was resulted from enlargement of the cropland area domain in 1908. The other method （hereafter, method II） allocated the cropland into pixels following the order from high ASI to low ASI within the domain of potential cropland area. The potential cropland area was created by excluding the natural woodland, swamp, water body, and mountains from the study area. Then, we compared these two methods. We found that the cropland distribution reconstructed through the two methods exhibit a similar spatial pattern. Both of the methods show that the cropland in the late Qing Dynasty （1908 AD） mostly occurred in the southern and eastern parts of the Songnen Plain. The two methods matched with each other for about 68% of the total cropland area. By spatially comparing the unmatched cropland pixels of the two methods with the settlements for each county, we found that unmatched cropland pixels by method I are closer to settlements than that by method II. This finding suggests that reconstruction with method I may have less bias than that with method II.

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