中文摘要：

当飞行器以高超声速在大气层中飞行时,周围形成的等离子体鞘套将影响电磁波的传播特性,严重时传输完全中断（黑障）。外加强磁场可以形成＂磁窗＂,有效地增强右旋圆极化电磁波在等离子体鞘套中传播时的透波特性,但是在产生磁窗过程中（例如使用超导产生磁窗）有一系列的问题如磁体的重量和复杂性等需要克服。为解决这一问题,提出了天线和强永磁体一体化综合设计的新思路———磁窗天线。设计出一种圆极化GPS天线,它的表面贴片为对磁场影响很小的镀铜片,接地板为稀土永磁体NdFeB（钕铁硼）,永磁体同时也做为强磁场的发生装置。分析了圆极化GPS天线的性能和周围磁感应强度的分布,估算了磁窗天线减缓通信中断的效果,在所研究的情况下,使用磁窗天线可以显著地提高等离子体鞘套的透波特性。

英文摘要：

The communication blackout,caused by plasma sheath around a hypersonic vehicle flying in atmosphere is a problem to aerospace vehicles.A magneto window will be formed when a static magnetic field is applied to plasma sheath,and it can be used to reduce the attenuation of right circularly polarized wave in the sheath.The best way to build the magnetic window is by use of superconductive devices.However,there are some problems such as heavy weight and complex structure in use for superconductive devices to generate a magneto window.In this paper,an integrated concept,i.e.magneto window antenna,is proposed.A circular polarized GPS antenna is designed according to this concept.The antenna patch was made of copper and the ground plate is made of rare earth magnet NdFeB.The magnet will work as a part of antenna and be used to produce a strong magnetic field for magneto window as well.Radiation pattern and magnetic field intensity surrounding the antenna are analyzed by numerical simulation.It is shown that the attenuation of right circularly polarized wave through plasma sheath is reduced obviously.