中文摘要：

在马氏瓶供水进行人工降雨入渗测定方法的基础上,设计开发了一种以PLC为处理器、触摸屏为人机界面的室内降雨入渗自动测定系统,可实现马氏瓶自动补水、降雨强度自动调节、实验数据实时显示存储及查询。系统测控元件包括马氏瓶及径流瓶中的2个液位传感器,马氏瓶进水口和通气孔处的2个电磁阀,马氏瓶与降雨器间的1个调节阀。PLC实时采集液位传感器的输出信号,通过模/数转换获取记录马氏瓶与径流瓶中的液位值;并根据马氏瓶液位控制电磁阀的开闭实现马氏瓶自动补水;通过改变调节阀输入电流的大小实现降雨强度的自动调节。试验表明,系统操作简单、运行稳定,测定结果可以合理反映土壤降雨入渗过程,适用于与土壤有关领域的降雨入渗测定。

英文摘要：

Based on the measuring method of manual rainfall infiltration with the Mariotte bottle, an indoor automatic measurement system for rainfall infiltration with PLC （programmable logical controller） and touch panel was designed. This system could automatically water to the Mariotte bottle, adjust rainfall intensity, display and record experiment data in real time, and also provide the function of data query. The PLC collects the analog signal and transforms it into a digital signal, which is used to control the water input of the Mariotte bottle to regulate water level through switching the two electromagnetic valves. In addition, the PLC controls regulating valve opening to adjust the rainfall intensity. Furthermore, this system can be operated easily, rationally reflect the infiltration process, and give a high precision measurement.