中文摘要：

针对野外传感网系统中采用太阳能供电的网关因天气变化而产生能量供给失效的问题，研究了基于历史能量采集信息和实时气象信息的多网关切换方法。首先基于气象信息决定需要切换的网关和网关切换的时机；其次提出了一种网关选择算法（EasiGS），根据候选网关剩余工作时间让节点先验式选择网关接入，以避免网关失效带来的数据丢失问题，并通过最优网关接入方法降低系统中采集节点的整体能耗；最后根据实际应用关注的数据发送频率、网关恢复时间、节点与候选网关之间的传输距离等信息，通过概率统计的方法对EasiGS的计算开销进行了进一步优化。仿真实验表明，EasiGS能使系统整体能耗达到最优，并且优化后的EasiGS能够有效降低节点上的计算量。

英文摘要：

To address the problem of insufficient energy supply of the solar-powered gateway in field wireless sensor net- work system due to weather variations, a multi-gateway switching method based on historically collected energy in- formation and real-time weather information was studied. Firstly, which gateways need to switch and when to switch were determined based on the weather information. Secondly, a gateway selection algorithm, called EasiGS, was presented to make nodes proactively choose the appropriate gateway as the accessing gateway based on the remai- ning work time of the gateway, so as to avoid data loss and to achieve reduced overall energy consumption of the system. Finally, the computational overhead of the gateway selection algorithm was further optimized according to the rate of data transmission, the time for the gateway to recover to work, the hops of shortest path between the candidate gateway and the node. The simulation results show that the EasiGS can achieve optimal overall power con-sumption of the system. The optimized EasiGS can effectively reduce the amount of computation required by the nodes.