中文摘要：

为使建筑工人养成良好的安全行为习惯,基于行为主义理论,通过行为调查、理论分析、个案研究等方式,研究建筑工人习惯性不安全行为的外部特征、形成过程中的心理和行为变化规律及影响因素,并提出干预措施。结果表明：习惯性不安全行为的危险程度较低,但广泛存在且发生频率较高;习惯性不安全行为的形成过程包含接触、习得和强化3个阶段,是由被动、简单、不稳定的不安全行为向自动、复杂、稳定的不安全行为的演变过程;影响习惯性不安全行为的采纳率的最关键因素是行为动机;影响习得率的最关键因素是行为实现难度;影响形成率的最关键因素是行为强化;习惯性不安全行为干预的关键是在班组层面及早开展工作。

英文摘要：

In order to help construction workers get good safe behaviors,the external characteristics,the rules of psychological and behavioral changing,and factors influencing formation of habitual unsafe behaviors for construction workers were discussed based on behaviorism theory,by behavior investigation,theoretical analysis and case study. some intervention suggestions were put forward for habitual unsafe behaviors. The results show that the habitual unsafe behaviors are not very dangerous,but widely existing and frequently occurring,that formation of habitual unsafe behaviors contains three stages： contact,study and reinforcement,that the unsafe behaviors move from passive,simple and unsteady to active,complicated and steady,that the most critical factor influencing the adoption rate is the behavior motive,that the most critical factor influencing the master rate is the implementation difficulty of a behavior,that the factor influencing the formation rate is the behavior reinforcement,and that the key to intervening in habitual unsafe behaviors is early beginning work at the construction site team level.