目的 探讨POEMS综合征及相关疾病的神经电生理特点.方法 回顾分析2000年6月至2013年6月北京大学第三医院42例POEMS综合征、26例意义未明的单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(MGUS) 及63 例慢性炎性脱髓鞘性多发性神经根神经病(CIDP)患者,对其神经电生理特点进行分析、比较.神经电生理研究主要包括四肢神经传导、肌电图等检测.结果 POEMS组中,下肢CMAP波幅低于上肢CMAP波幅[(1.02±0.23) mV比(2.12±0.30) mV,(P〈0.05)];与CIDP组相比,POEMS组CMAP波幅下降明显[(2.12±0.30) mV 比(3.94±0.52) mV,(1.02±0.23) mV比 (3.65±0.57) mV](均P〈0.05);远端潜伏期指数(TLI)明显增高[(0.41±0.13) 比(0.22±0.01);(0.45±0.16)比(0.24±0.13)](t=2.61,2.62;P〈0.05);CB或TD出现率低(P〈0.05).与MGUS组相比,POEMS组 CMAP波幅下降明显[(2.12±0.30) mV 比 (3.81±0.83) mV,(1.02±0.23) mV 比 (3.82±0.63) mV(均P〈0.05)],SCV差异有统计学意义[(33±5) m/s 比 (20±3) m/s,(28±4) m/s比 (18±3) m/s(P〈0.05)].结论 POEMS综合征周围神经脱髓鞘发生于神经中段,为均匀一致损害,很少出现神经传导阻滞和异常离散,轴索损害为长度依赖性.
Objective To explore the electrophysiological characteristics of polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome and its related diseases. Methods The eleetrophysiological characteristics were analyzed retrospectively from June 2000 to June 2013 in patients with POEMS syndrome, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Electromyography and nerve conduction examinations of median, ulnar, tihial, peroneai and sural nerves were performed. Results In patients with POEMS syndrome, the amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) of tibiai and peroneal nerves was lower than that of median and ulnar nerves ( ( 1.02 ± 0. 23 ) vs (2. 12 ± 0. 30) mV, (P 〈 0. 05 ) ) ; compared with patients with CIDP, the amplitude of CMAP for POEMS patients was lower ( (2. 12 ± 0. 30) vs ( 3.94 ± 0. 52) mV, ( 1.02 ± 0. 23 ) vs ( 3.65 ± 0. 57 ) mV) ( P 〈 0. 05 ) while terminal latency indices (TLI) was higher ( (0. 41 ±0. 13) vs (0. 22 ±0. 01 ), (0. 45 ±0. 16) vs(0. 24 ±0. 13) ) ( P 〈 0. 05 ) and the occurring rate of conduction block (CB) and temporal dispersion ( TD ) was lower ( P 〈 0.05 ). Compared with MGUS patients, the amplitude of CMAP for POEMS patients was lower ( ( 2. 12 ± 0.30) vs (3.81±0,83) mV, (1.02±0.23) vs (3.82 ±0.63) mV)(P〈0.05); sensory conduction velocity of POEMS patients was faster ((33 ±5) vs (20±3) m/s, (28±4) vs (18±3) m/s)(P〈 0. 05)). Conclusion Nerve conduction studies of POEMS syndrome implicate both axonal loss and demyelination. Uniform demyelination is more predominant in nerve trunk rather than distal nerve terminals. CB and TD occur less frequently and axonal loss is length-dependent.