中文摘要：

根据DNA分子的物理化学特性及植物材料的特点,改进了传统利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）法提取植物叶片中DNA的操作方法,采用新鲜配制的CTAB溶液、液氮快速研磨植物材料、添加适量还原剂和适量吸取提取液中核酸层等措施,减少了提取过程中提取液的褐变和杂质对DNA产质量的影响。同时,列出了提取过程中各操作步骤的注意事项和关键点。该方法操作简便、快捷,提取出的DNA质量较好,能很好地用于DNA的分子遗传特性分析,可作为教学和研究工作中植物DNA的提取方法。

英文摘要：

On basis of the physical and chemical characteristics of DNA molecule and the traits of plant tissues,an improvement of DNA isolation method with CTAB was made.The progresses in the improved method mainly include： ① to use fresh CTAB solution,② to grind plant tissues with liquid nitrogen,③ to add suitable reducant in extraction solution and ④ to pipette appropriate nucleic acid solution from supernatant.These measures can prevent brown stain in extraction solution and reduce impurities. In addition, notes and key points for the procedures of DNA isolation were described in the method. Its operation is simple and rapid, the DNA isolated with this method can be efficiently used for the analy- sis of DNA molecular genetic characteristics. Therefore, it is a suitable method for plant DNA isolation in teaching and research program.