中文摘要：

河湟谷地是青藏高原上最主要的农业区之一,清代河湟谷地农业开发与灌溉水渠体系已基本完善,了解和研究清代河湟谷地农业灌溉水渠对理解河湟谷地人类活动、农业发展以及环境演变具有现实意义。在利用文献资料重建河湟谷地灌溉水渠的基础上,分析表明：河湟谷地灌溉水渠总体呈现出不平衡且集中分布的格局,具体表现为湟水流域数量多且集中分布,黄河流域相对数量少、且分散分布;空间分布上72.22%的灌溉水渠集中分布在海拔2 100~2 700m,94.84%分布在中海拔冲积洪积平原、中高海拔中起伏山地、中高海拔黄土梁峁、中高海拔洪积平原,且97.62%集中分布在河流两侧2km的范围内,认为清代河湟谷地灌溉水渠的发展受自然条件影响较大,对自然条件依赖程度较高。

英文摘要：

Hehuang Valley is one of the main agricultural areas on Qinghai-tibet Plateau,where the agricultural development and irrigation canal system are almost perfect in the Qing Dynasty.An understanding and study of the irrigation canals in Hehuang Valley has practical significance for understanding human activities,agricultural development and environmental evolution.This paper rebuilds the irrigation canals in Hehuang Valley by using documentary data.The results indicate that the irrigation canals in Hehuang Valley present an imbalanced and concentrated distribution pattern in general.Most of the irrigation canals distributed in Huangshui River basin and the remaining others located in Yellow River basin.72.22 percent of irrigation canals distributed in the altitude of2 100~2 700 m.The irrigation canals distributed in mid-elevation alluvial plains,middle-high elevation medium Relief Mountains,middle-elevation loess Liang and Mao and middle-high elevation diluvial plain was about 94.84 percent.The results demonstrate that97.62 percent is mainly distributed in the range of 2km on both sides of the river.The development of irrigation canals in Hehuang Valley is greatly influenced by natural conditions.