中文摘要：

通过秦岭-昆仑造山带中的环斑花岗岩同世界元古宙环斑花岗岩的岩石学、岩相学、岩石地球化学和构造环境等方面的对比研究发现，S-者具有相同或一致的特征：具环斑结构，属准铝、高钾、富碱岩浆，具双峰式岩浆组合，形成于后碰撞环境，但其地球化学的某些指标、岩浆形成时代和出露的大地构造位置等有一定差异。世界元古宙环斑花岗岩的岩石化学及暗色矿物明显富铁，w（FeT）／w（FeT＋Mg）较高，多数在0．9以上，岩石成因类型多数是A型花岗岩，产在稳定地台区的边缘，而昆仑地区多数环斑花岗岩的w（FeT）／w（FeT＋MgO）〉0．8，亦较富Fe，且多数是A型花岗岩；秦岭地区的岩体铁指数相对较低，只有0．62，岩石成因类型的地球化学判据既有A型也有I型花岗岩特征。秦岭-昆仑造山带中环斑花岗岩的显著特征是都产在造山带中，与板块缝合带关系密切，时代从元古宙到古生代直到中生代都有发现，具多旋回性。它们出现在每一个大的造山旋回晚期，印向另一个构造旋回的转折期，这在世界造山带中是十分罕见的，反映出世界上造山带与稳定区元古宙和显生宙的地幔与地壳状态是不一样的，有着不同的构造演化历史和动力学过程，表明秦岭-昆仑地区的环斑花岗岩是一种有别于元古宙稳定区的造山型环斑花岗岩。

英文摘要：

Thecomparison of petrology, lithofacies, petro-geochemistry and tectonic environment of the rapakivi granite both from Qinling-Kunlun and world shows that the rapakivi granite has same or consistent characteristics： rapakivi structure, sub-aluminous, high-potassic, alkali-rich magma, two-peak magma assemblage and formed in post-collision environment. However, there are some certain differences in some geochemical index,forming age of magma, and geotectonic position of outcropping. The petrochemistry and dark minerals of the world Proterozoic rapakivi granite are rich in Fe obviously, and have high ws（FeT）/w（FeT＋Mg） ,mostly over 0.9. It should belong to A-type granite genesis,formed at the rim of the stable platform. In contrast, the ws（FeT）/w（FevT＋Mg） of Kunlun rapakivi granite, is 〉0.8, also rich in Fe, mostly A-type granite. The Fe content of Qinling rock body is relatively lower, only 0.62. The petro-geochemical for determining the genesis not only has A-type, but also has I -type granite characteristics. The rapakivi granite of the Qinling-Kunlun is remarkably characterized by its existence in the orogenic belt,closely related with the suture belt of platform. Dated from Proterozoic to Mesozoic,they have poly-circle characteristics, found from one tectonic circle to another, which is very rare in the worldwide orogens. This reveals that the orogen and stable area of the world, the mantle and crust states of the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic are different in tectonic evolvement and dynamic process and that the rapakivi granite of the Qinling-Kunlun is a kind of orogenic granite different from the stable area of the Proterozoic.