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中文摘要：
以理论分析法、模型试验与原型观测法、有限单元法为线索总结了近年来坝后背管承载性能的研究成果。重点评析了管道外包混凝土开裂前后应力状态的计算方法、外包混凝土裂缝宽度的计算方法、提高管道耐久性的措施、有限单元法在坝后背管中的应用。提出了需要进一步深入研究的问题，包括合理的钢材配置计算方法、钢衬外包混凝土裂缝控制研究、非线性承载性能和破坏机理研究、动力承载性能研究、温度控制和温度应力分析、新型材料和新型结构型式研究等。
英文摘要：
Research findings are generalized on load-carrying properties of penstock laid on downstream face of dam. The findings recently acquired are discussed in detail from the three research techniques, which are theoretical formula method, model test and prototype measurement method, and finite element method. Contents discussed include calculation methods of stress in concrete and steel, calculation methods of crack width in concrete, methods of improving durability, and applications of finite element in analysis penstock structure. Some problems that require exploration in future are given, which include calculation methods of steel allocation, methods of improving durability, load-carrying properties under static load and failure mechanism, load-carrying properties under dynamic load, temperature control and calculation methods of temperature stress, application of new material and new structural type.
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