中文摘要：

目的通过自制简易人工鼻并应用于气管切开病人的护理中,学习人工鼻的应用研究。方法采用图型塑料水杯、过滤烟嘴制成人工鼻。选取住院治疗气管切开的患者90例,随机分为2组：人工鼻护理组45例,常规护理组（常规气管切开处覆盖湿纱布）45例。观察并记录2组患者在气管切开期间的护理情况。结果人工鼻患者在呼吸道刺激征、痰培养阳性、湿化不足和湿化过度等指标均明显低于常规护理组,而每日在气道冲洗次数、吸痰次数、叩背次数、护理时数和护理费用等指标上,人工鼻患者亦显著低于常规护理患者。结论自制人工鼻具备良好的气道湿化和保温效能,可减少气管切开患者的呼吸系统感染及其它并发症,缩短治疗时间,减轻病人经济负担,减少了工作量,值得临床推广应用。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the application of artificial nose in the nursing of tracheotomy patients by self- made simple artificial nose. Methods By using plastic cups and cigarette filter, a simple artificial nose was made. A to- tal of 90 cases of tracheotomy were randomly divided into an artificial nasal care group and a routine care group （conven- tional tracheotomy covered with wet gauze）, and there were 45 cases in each group. The nursing status was observed and the results were compared between two groups during the tracheotomy nursing. Results The respiratory tract irritation, posi- tive sputum culture, insufficient of wetting and excessive humidity in the artificial nasal care group were superior to those in the routine care group, and the times of daily airway flushing, times of sputum suction, times of knock back, nurs-ing hours, and nursing cost of the artificial nasal care group were significantly lower than those of the conventional group. Conclu- sion The self-made simple artificial nose has good airway humidification and heat insulation function, and it can reduce the respiratory system infection and other complications, shorten treatment time, reduce the cost and so on.