中文摘要：

以掺稀土金属化合物氯化铈的酚醛树脂为原料，采用超临界和亚临界水活化制备了具有较好巾孔结构和机械强度的球形活性炭。通过77K氮气吸附对所制球形活性炭进行表征，并研究不同活化办法、活化条件对其孔隙结构的影响：结果表明：氯化铈具有催化作用，在超临界水环境下促进了孔结构的发展，优势中孔分布于4nm和7nm而活化方法和活化压力对孔结构的影响较小。

英文摘要：

Activated carbon spheres with well-developed mesopores and high mechanical strength were prepared from phenolic resin with a metal catalyst using suband supercritical water （SCW） as an activating agent. A rare earth metal chloride （ cerous chloride） was used as catalyst. The effects of different activation methods on the porosity and adsorp- tion characteristics of carbon spheres were investigated. All samples were characterized by nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. Results showed that the catalyst could promote the development of pores in SCW. The cerium compound facilitated the development of mesopores with preponderant pore sizes at 4nm and 7nm. The catalyst affected the porosity of the porous carbon the most, whereas the effect of the activation methods was secondary. The activation pressure had the least effect.