中文摘要：

失重是特定空间运动条件下的重要环境物理特征之一,一般以微重力环境来表示.几十年来人类利用空间失重环境进行了多学科领域的科学研究与探索.由于真实空间失重环境下科学实验机会稀少,人类为研究空间失重环境或效应,开发了多种地基的空间模拟实验技术方法.然而,对于空间生物学和空间生物技术研究而言,已有的各种模拟实验技术手段在原理上和应用上均存在一定的局限性.本文介绍了抗磁性物质在大梯度强磁场中的悬浮现象,及将其用于模拟空间失重环境的方法与原理;简述了近年来利用抗磁性物质悬浮方法进行生物大分子晶体生长、分子细胞生物学及整体生物学等方面研究与应用的进展.

英文摘要：

Weightlessness is one of the important physical characteristics of space environment. For several decades,weightless environment in space has been used for investigation and exploration in many scientific fields.Because of shortage and limit of experiments in real space environment, many kinds of ground-based simulated techniques and methods inspired by space experimental environments were developed for simulating the weightlessness of space environment and the effects of weightlessness.However,these techniques and methods have limitations not only in principle, but also in application for space biology and biotechnology.In this paper,we introduced a new technique for simulating weightlessness,magnetic levitation of diamagnetic materials produced by large gradient high magnetic field,and summarized the research progress by using this technique in crystal growth of proteins,molecular cell biology and integrated biology.