中文摘要：

目的：探讨HLA-B等位基因多态性与新疆地区鼻咽癌的关系及其临床意义。方法纳入226例患者作为鼻咽癌组，207例健康志愿者作为健康对照组。采用PCR-SSP法对HLA-B等位基因进行检测。采用χ2检验两组之间、汉族和维吾尔族之间、鼻咽癌不同临床特征之间HLA-B等位基因频率差异。 Kaplan-Meier 法计算生存率并 Logrank 单因素分析与 HLA-B 等位基因频率关系。结果鼻咽癌组HLA-B＊46等位基因频率高于健康对照组（ P＝0.000），且HLA-B＊46等位基因频率在汉族存在差异性（P＝0.000），而维吾尔族未发现差异性（P＞0.05）。＜30岁组HLA-B＊44等位基因频率高于≥30岁组（ P＝0.029）；分化型非角化性癌和T1＋T2期HLA-B＊48等位基因频率分别高于未分化型非角化性癌和T3＋T4期（ P＝0.029）。鼻咽癌5年OS、DFS、DMFS、LRFS率与HLA-B＊46（P＝0.118～0.502）、HLA-B＊44（P＝0．761～0.804）及HLA-B＊48（P＝0.308～0.727）表达状态无关。结论 HLA-B＊46等位基因可能为新疆地区汉族鼻咽癌的易感基因，而HLA-B＊44可能与较早发病年龄有关，HLA-B＊48可能与病理类型及T分期有关。故HLA-B等位基因可能与鼻咽癌发生、发展有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the relationship between HLA-B allele polymorphisms and nasopharyngeal carcinoma （ NPC） in Xinjiang, China and its clinical significance. Methods A total of 226 patients were assigned to NPC group, while 207 healthy volunteers were assigned to control group. PCR amplification with sequence-specific primers was used to determine HLA-B alleles. Comparison of HLA-B allele frequency between the above two groups, between Han and Uygur populations, and between patients with various clinical characteristics of NPC was made by chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rates and the log-rank univariate analysis was used to explore the relationship between survival rates and HLA-B allele frequency. Results In all the subjects or Han population alone, the allele frequency of HLA-B＊46 in the NPC group was significantly higher than that in the control group （ P=0. 000;P=0. 000 ） . In Uygur population, however, there was no significant difference in the allele frequency of HLA-B＊46 between the NPC group and the control group （P〉0. 05）. In the patients with NPC, those less than 30 years old had a significantly higher allele frequency of HLA-B＊44 than those no less than 30 years old （P=0. 029）;those with differentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma had a significantly higher allele frequency of HLA-B＊48 than those with undifferentiated non-keratinizing carcinoma （ P=0. 029）;those with stage T1＋T2 disease had a significantly higher allele frequency of HLA-B＊48 than those with stage T3＋T4 disease （ P=0. 029） . The 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and local relapse-free survival rates had no relationship with the expression of HLA-B＊46, HLA-B＊44, or HLA-B＊48 in NPC patients （ all P〉0. 05） . Conclusions HLA-B＊46 allele is probably a NPC susceptibility gene in Han population in Xinjiang. HLA-B＊44 is probably associated with early age of onset, while HLA-B＊48 is probably associa