中文摘要：

研究于2010年秋季和2011年夏季对南水北调东线工程最大调蓄湖泊一洪泽湖的鱼类资源进行了调查，结合历史资料分析该湖鱼类资源变动情况，以期为渔业管理和生物多样性保护提供依据。自20世纪60年代以来，洪泽湖累计记录鱼类88种，本研究发现63种，其中新记录6种，分别为：点纹银的、彩副鲡、方氏螃皱、鲻、大眼鳜和波氏吻虾虎鱼；与历史记录比较，湖泊定居性鱼类所占比例由59％上升78％，而喜流水性鱼类和河海洄游性鱼类分别由22％和7％下降到3％和3％；未采集到的25种鱼类中，流水性鱼类计17种，占68％。网簖和丝网的渔获物分析表明，鲫、黄颡鱼、刀鲚和红鳍原鲐等小型鱼类具有较高的艘，值（相对重要性指数，Index of Relative Importance），是鱼类群落的优势种，大型鱼类除鲤外，删值均不高，在群落中不占优势。2010—2011年洪泽湖渔业年产量为2200×10^4kg，以刀鲚和鲫为主的小型鱼类产量达1967×10^4kg，占89．4％；“四大家鱼”产量96×10^4kg，占4．4％；鳜、翘嘴鲐、乌鳢和鲇等大型食鱼性鱼类合计仅占0．89％。文章分析江湖阻隔、过度捕捞和生境破坏对洪泽湖鱼类资源的影响，提出相应的渔业管理策略，并初步预测南水北调东线工程对该湖鱼类和渔业的潜在影响。

英文摘要：

In other to develop fisheries management strategies and protect biodiversity, historical variation of fish re- sources were analyzed in Hongze Lake, the largest impounding lake along the East-Route of China＇s South-to-North Water Diversion Project, by comparing the current sampling （in autumn 2010 and summer 2011） with historical data. There were 88 fish species recorded in Hongze Lake since the 1960＇s, among which 63 species were found during this investigation [6 species were first recorded, namely Squalidus wolterdstorffi （Regan）, Panacheilognathus imberbis （Giinther）, Rhodeus fangi （Miao）, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, Siniperca kneri Garman, Rhinogobius cliffordpopei （Nich- ols）]. Comparing with historical recorded, limnicolus species increased from 59% to 78%, but potamophilous and river-sea migratory species decreased from 22% and 7% to 3% and 3% respectively. For the 25 species that were not found in this study, 17 species were potamophilous, accounting for 68% of the disappearing fishes. Small fishes of Carassius auratus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Coilia nasus and Culterichthys erythropterus were considered as dominant species in current fish community according to their high values IRI （Index of Relative Importance） in catches from weir-nets and gill-nets, and larger commercial species all had low IRI except Cyprinus carpio. Fishery yield of Hongze Lake was 22 million kg in 2010--2011, with a high contribution （89.4%, 19.67 million kg） of small fish species （mainly C. nasus and C. auratus） to the total harvest. While four major Chinese carps （Mylopharyngodon piceus, Ctenopharyn- godon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthy nobilis） and large carnivores species （e.g. Channa argus, Siniperca chuatsi, Silurus asotus, Culter alburnus） contributed only 4.4% （0.96 million kg） and 0.89% in total fishery yield respectively. We analyzed influences of disconnection between lake and river, over-fishing and habitat destruction on fish resources, proposed fishe