中文摘要：

为更深入地了解氨氧化古菌（AOA）在浅水湖泊表层沉积物中的分布特征,以淮河流域下游里下河地区浅水湖泊为研究对象,采用分子生物学和微生物学方法研究了该区域4个不同功能类型的浅水湖泊中的AOA群落结构。结果表明,里下河地区的浅水湖泊中存在AOA,为AOA的全球地理分布生境提供了重要补充。大纵湖湖心处表层沉积物中AOA的多样性和丰富度最高,AOA主要聚集于Group 1.1b和Group 1.1a,其中71.3%的序列属于Group 1.1b,28.7%的序列属于Group 1.1a。沉水植物的存在明显增加了Group 1.1b的丰富度,丰富的有机质有利于促进AOA的生长。得胜湖岸周边的工厂、采沙场、渔业养殖以及九龙口上游家畜类养殖影响了表层沉积物中的群落特征。

英文摘要：

To investigate the distribution characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing archaea（ AOA） in sediments of shallow lakes,we chose the shallow lakes in the Lixia River area,which is in the lower Huaihe River Basin,as the research object and studied the community structure of AOA in four shallow lakes with different functional types in the region using the methods of molecular biology and microbiology. The results show that there exists AOA in this region and this provides an important supplement to the global geographic distribution and habitat of AOA. In the surface sediments of this region,the diversity and richness of AOA is highest in the center of Dazong Lake. AOA is mainly accumulated in the groups 1. 1b and 1. 1a,in which,71. 3% of the sequences belong to Group 1. 1b and28. 7% of the sequences belong to Group 1. 1a. The presence of submerged plants significantly improves the richness of Group 1. 1b, and abundant organic matter is conducive to promoting the growth of AOA. The surrounding factories, sandpits, fisheries, and the livestock breeding upstream of Jiulongkou affect the characteristics of the community in the surface sediments.