中文摘要：

中尺度对流系统（MCS）是夏季造成暴雨等灾害性天气的重要天气系统.高时空分辨率的静止卫星红外云图是监测MCS的主要手段之一.在以往的研究中,对MCS的普查是通过对打印出的增强显示的红外云图进行人工对比的方法.本文提出了一种计算机自动识别方法来普查MCS.和已有的人工普查方法相比,新方法具有快速、准确、可移植性强的优点,这就为准确的研究MCS的冷云盖面积、长轴长度、形状、地理分布、生命史日变化等的统计特征提供了机会,给MCS的气候学特征和区域特征的研究提供了机会.新方法适用于GMS、风云、GOES等不同格式的静止卫星资料,在具体应用时只需将数据处理这一块的程序加以修改.本文中以GMS-5原始数值资料为例介绍新方法的原理.首先通过轮廓编码的方法来查找和计算某一时次云图上的MCS轮廓,再通过系统查找法来追踪系统,最后判断该系统是否满足MCS的标准.以1999年GMS-5资料为例进行的抽样普查表明,新方法可以较为准确和快速的普查到MCS,α尺度系统的误差率为每个系统0.191处,β尺度系统的误差率为每个系统0.101处.新方法为MCS的普查提供了一个新的快速可行之路,但新方法中也存在一些问题,需要在进一步的研究中加以完善.

英文摘要：

Mesoscale convective systems（MCSs） cause heavy rain and other severe weather events during the warm season.Geostationary satellite infrared imagery with fine spatial and temporal resolution can provide much available information for MCS surveillance.The previous method of MCS census was to compare the plotting infrared imagery manually.In this article,however,a new method of identifying MCS from infrared imagery by self-identification is developed,as is much more time-saving,more accurate and better transplantable than the old method.Thus,it becomes possible to learn the MCS characteristics accurately,such as the area of the shield,long axis,shape,distribution and day-vary of lifecycle,etc.At the same time,the new method brings the chance to learn the climatology and distribution of MCS.New method is applied for different kinds of satellite data,such as GMS,FY and GOES,etc.The framework of the new method is however illustrated by the example of GMS.By the new method,MCS profile is from the contour coding,and then the profile features are further computed in the paper.The system-lookup means is used to track the MCS system.After that,whether the system be MCS or not is objectively judged according to the MCS definition.Trough the census of the year 1999,the new method is found to work very well in MCS census.Areragely,error occurs 0.191 and 0.101 times per α-and β-MCS system,respectively.But,some exiguous problems still exist in the new method,which should be solved in the further study.