中文摘要：

3D打印技术是新型的快速打印技术,它结合了三维扫描、计算机辅助数字化成型等技术,实现高精度、高效率、低费用地打印立体结构。在医学领域,3D打印通过对骨骼、肌肉、血管、神经等解剖结构进行高仿真地精确打印,用于辅助解剖学、病理学教学、临床实习生的手术模拟、医生术前讨论与手术方案制定,也被作为植入体用于患者缺损组织的修补。通过将活细胞与仿生材料相结合进行的3D生物打印,可用于药物筛选、药效评价,还可实现组织器官再造、器官移植等。

英文摘要：

Three-dimensional printing is an advanced manufactory printing technique combined with 3D scanning and rapid prototyping. It has the superiority of high resolution, accuracy and efficiency. By the high-fidelity models of bone, muscle, vessel and nerve, 3D printing is able to assist anatomy education, clinical training, surgical simulation and even tissue repair. Recent advances have enabled 3D bioprinting of living cells, biocompatible materials into comoplex 3D living tissues. This has widened the application of 3D printing in drug screening, efficiency evaluation and even tissue transplantation.