中文摘要：

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备聚磷酸铵（APP）-SiO2凝胶/杨木阻燃复合材料,表征其微观形貌、结构组成、物理力学性能,并研究其阻燃抑烟作用机理。结果表明,APP-SiO2凝胶主要分布在木材导管、木射线及细胞间隙中,凝胶体系与木材纤维素形成氢键紧密结合。复合材料在700℃的失重率仅为素材的71.9%,残炭量由5.4%上升到31.9%,热稳定性改善。复合材料的热释放速率、总热释放量、烟生成速率、总烟释放量较未处理木材均明显降低,当APP浓度为18%时,复合材料的总烟释放量仅为素材的4.9%,表现出高效的阻燃抑烟特性。尽管复合材料的静曲强度略微降低,但其弹性模量明显上升,增幅高达35.8%。

英文摘要：

The APP-SiO2 aerogel/poplar wood composite with well flame retardant was prepared by sol-gel method.These properties for the resultant composites,including microstructure,chemical composition,and mechanical strength,were characterized to explore the mechanism of flame retardant and smoke suppression. Results showed that APP-SiO2 aerogels,bonded with wood cellulose by hydrogens,majorly distributed in ves-sels,pits and the spaces between wood cells of poplar substrate.The weight loss ratio of composite at 700 ℃was only as 71.9% as poplar wood,and its residual carbon rinsed from 5.4% to 31.9%.Heat release rate,to-tal heat release,smoke production rate,and total smoke production of composites were significantly reduced compared to untreated poplar wood.The composites with 18% APP appeared to release as 4.9% smoke as un-treated wood,indicating efficient flame retardant and smoke suppression.Though modulus of rupture for com-posites decreased slightly,their modulus of elasticity was significantly increased,approaching a highest increase up to 3 5 .8%.