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稻麦轮作条件下机插水稻CH_4和N_2O的排放特征及温室效应

ISSN号：1672-2043
期刊名称：《农业环境科学学报》
时间：0
分类：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]
作者机构：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014, [2]农业部农业机械试验鉴定总站,北京100122
相关基金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划（2007BAD89B12 2006BAD02A15 2006BAD15B08）; 农业部公益性行业科研专项（200803028）

作者：张岳芳[1], 陈留根[1], 王子臣[1], 张传胜[2], 朱普平[1], 盛婧[1], 郑建初[1]

关键词：机插水稻, CH4和N2O排放, 温室效应, 稻麦轮作, mechanical transplanting rice, CH4 and N2O emissions, greenhouse effect, rice-wheat rotation

中文摘要：

于2008年采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对人工手插和机插2种水稻种植方式下CH4和N2O排放进行田间观测,研究稻麦轮作条件下机插水稻CH4和N2O的排放特征及其温室效应。结果表明,水稻生长季CH4排放通量人工手插水稻和机插水稻均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,N2O仅在水稻搁田期间有明显排放,机插和人工手插水稻CH4平均排放通量分别为4.68、4.39 mg.m-2.h-1,N2O平均排放通量为92.80、111.33μg.m-.2h-1。与人工手插水稻相比,机插水稻增加CH4排放总量14%,减少N2O排放总量11%,使稻季排放CH4和N2O所产生的全球增温潜势（GWP）和＂单位产量的GWP＂分别提高8%和10%。在稻麦轮作条件下采用机插水稻种植方式,水稻生长期间排放的CH4和N2O所形成的温室效应有提高的趋势。

英文摘要：

CH4 and N2O play important role in global warming and climate change,the emissions of CH4 and N2O in rice fields are affected by many factors,such as climate,soil properties,water regime,fertilizers et al.However,the emissions of CH4 and N2O in rice fields under vari-ous cultivation patterns are currently poorly understood.By using the method of static chamber-gas chromatographic techniques,a field ex-periment was conducted in 2008 to study the characteristics of CH4 and N2O emissions and greenhouse effects of mechanical transplanting rice in a rice-wheat rotation system.The results showed that,the seasonal variation of CH4 emission in two different rice cultivation patterns was defined,an increasing of CH4 emission at the beginning and declining in later season were observed.A N2O emission peak was observed during the midseason drainage period.The seasonal CH4 emission averaged at 4.68 mg.m-2.h-1 in mechanical transplanting rice,and 4.39 mg.m-2.h-1 in manual transplanting rice.Seasonal N2O emission averaged at 92.80 μg.m-2.h-1 and 111.33 μg.m-2.h-1 in mechanical trans-planting rice and manual transplanting rice,respectively.Compared with manual transplanting rice,total CH4 emissions was 14% higher in mechanical transplanting rice,while total N2O emissions was 12% lower.In contrast with manual transplanting rice,mechanical transplanting rice increased total global warming potentia（lGWP）of CH4 and N2O emissions during paddy season and GWP per yield by 8% and 10%,re-spectively.These results indicated that mechanical transplanting rice would mildly intensify the radiative forcing during paddy season in rice-wheat rotation system relative to manual transplanting rice cultivation pattern.

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