中文摘要：

通过室内土柱模拟淋溶试验比较了两种供试土壤加入等量氮素后，化肥处理（硫酸铵溶液）和有机肥提取液处理淋溶过程中不同形态氮及可溶性有机碳（DOC）在土壤中的淋溶迁移特性。结果表明，加入硫酸铵溶液后两个土壤氮素累积淋失量较未施肥清水对照无明显变化，肥料氮的淋失量占氮总淋失量的比例在2．31％～8．68％之间；而加入有机肥提取液后淋出的氮量显著增加，肥料氮占氮总淋失量的比例达65．7％～76．4％。有机肥处理淋失的氮素形态以可溶性有机氮（DON）为主，其次为硝态氮和铵态氮；而化肥处理氮素淋失形态以硝态氮为主（85．2％-88．8％），其次为可溶性有机氮DON（7．9％～10．2％），铵态氮所占比例最低（3．3％～4．6％）。有机肥处理DOC和铵态氮的淋失量也显著高于化肥处理。因此，有机肥中可溶性养分特别是可溶性有机碳、氮在土壤中的淋失值得关注。

英文摘要：

Dissolved organic carbon （ DOC ） and nitrogen （DON） represent two major constituents of dissolved nutrients in manures. However, not much is known about their dynamics in soil. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify the leaching characteristics of different forms of nitrogen and DOC in the solution extracted from a cow manure.The solution extracted was added to soil columns for leaching and ammonium sulfate [（NH4）2SO4] solution with same amount of nitrogen was added in other soil columns for comparison. Results showed that the addition of ammonium sulfate solution did not increase the leached N compared to water added treatment （control）, and the N leached from ammonium sulfate only accounted for about 2.31%-8.66% of total leached N. The addition of the manure-extracted solution significantly increased the leached N in comparison to the control, occupying 65.7%-76.4% of total N leached. The main form of N leached from the manure-extracted solution was DON, Fallowed by NO3^--N and NH4^＋-N. For ammonium sulfate solution treatment, NO3^--N （85.2%-88.8%） was the major N form leached, followed by DON （7.9%-10.2%） and NH4^＋-N （3.3%-4.6%）. Addition of manure-extracted solution also significantly increased the leaching amounts of NH4^＋-N and DOC compared to ammonium sulfate treatment. Therefore, the leaching of DOC and DON from manure needs to be paid more attention.