中文摘要：

目的了解拉萨地区藏族人群16个K／R基因的多态性。方法从拉萨无偿献血者中选取224名拉萨地区藏族健康自愿者，采用多重PCR—SSP方法进行K／R基因检测。根据http：／／www．allelefrequencies．net／中的ID号命名基因型和单体型组成。结果在拉萨地区藏族人群中，框架基因KIR3DL2、3DL3、2DL4和3DPI存在于所有个体；较为常见K1R基因有3DLI、2DL1、2DL3、2DPI和2DS4，其基因频率分别为0．8363、0．9057、0．8842、0．9057和0．8103；频率较低的基因有KIR2DS1、2DS2、2DS3、2DS5、3DS1、2DL2和2DL5，其基因频率分别为0．2010，0．1340，0．0646，0．1708，0．1955，0．1314，0．2151；共发现20种K／R基因型，其中以ID号为1和2的基因型最为常见，频率为52．68％和15．63％。结论拉萨地区藏族人群K／R基因分布与中国南方汉族人群之间较一致。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the diversity of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor （K/R） genes in the Tibetan population. Methods A total of 224 individuals were selected from Tibetan volunteer blood donors in Lasa, and genotyped by Multiplex PCR-SSP. The genotypes and haplotypes were designated according to http ：//www. allelefrequencies, net/. Results Among the Tibetan population, framework genes 3DL2,3DL3,2DIA and 3DPI were found in all samples, genes 3DL1,2DL1,2DL3,2DPI and 2DS4 were in high frequencies（0. 836 3,0. 905 7,0. 884 2,0. 905 7 and 0. 810 3 ,respectively） ,genes 2DS1,2DS2,2DS3,2DS5,3DS1,2DL2 and 2DL5 were in low frequencies （0. 201 0,0. 134 0,0. 064 6,0. 170 8, O. 1955,0. 131 4 and 0. 215 1, respectively）. A total of 20 K/R genotypes were identified, in which tile genotypes named IDI （52. 68% ） and ID （15.63%） were predominant. Conclusion The Tibetan population has the same feature as the southern Han populations in K/R gene diversity, while part of the gene frequencies are significantly different from the South Africa and Caucasian population,