中文摘要：

利用中国科学院珠穆朗玛大气与环境综合观测站（下称珠峰站）的观测资料,初步分析了2008-2011年珠穆朗玛峰北坡气温、降水、水面蒸发和土壤温湿度等水文和气象要素的变化特征,并以2010年绒布河实测流量为例,分析了气温和降水变化对径流的影响。结果表明,2008-2011年珠峰站的年平均气温为4.3℃,冬半年气温日较差大于夏半年;年降水量为203.4m且集中在7、8月,年际变化较大;水面蒸发为2 459mm,夏季高于冬季,6月最大;绒布河流量在整个消融期（4-10月）受气温影响显著,无降水日气温与流量之间有较好的正相关关系,反映了气温对冰川消融的影响;降水事件当日对应的径流减少,特别是10mm以下的降水量与当日流量呈负相关关系,这与冰川区降水常伴随降温,又主要为固态,进而对冰川消融和径流有抑制作用有关。

英文摘要：

The characteristics of air temperature, precipitation, water surface evaporation, soil tem- perature and soil moisture have been analyzed using the observational data from 2008 to 2011 at Qomolang- ma station for Atmospheric and Environmental Observation and Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. A brief results of the influence o{ the air temperature and precipitation on runoff have been analyzed using the measured data at gauging station in Rongbuk River during ablation period in 2010. Annual mean air temperature at Qomolangma station is 4.3 ~C, the daily temperature range of air temperatures in winter half year is greater than that in summer half year. Average annual precipitation is 213.4 ram, which con- centrates in July and August, its interannual variation is large. Annual water surface evaporation is 2 104 mm, and it is larger in summer than in winter, the largest water surface evaporation happen in June. Dur- ing ablation period of Rongbuk River runoff, the air temperature dominates runoff and they have a good positive correlation. Precipitation can reduce runoff on the same day, especially the precipitation smaller than 10 mm has apparent negative impact on runoff on the same day.