中文摘要：

目的 探讨采用快速血管壁三维MRI（CS-3D MERGE）技术显示颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的可行性.方法 前瞻性收集拟行颈动脉内膜剥脱术且术后获得病理结果的23例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者.23例均行双侧颈动脉MRI成像,检查方法包括三维黑血成像序列CS-3D MERGE检查和常规血管增强MRA成像.对CS-3D MERGE检查图像质量进行评分;在CS-3D MERGE和血管增强MRA图像上测量血管狭窄程度,并依据管腔狭窄程度将血管分为正常、轻度狭窄、中度狭窄和重度狭窄;在CS-3D MERGE图像上对斑块成分进行定性分析（分为脂质核、斑块内出血和钙化）,并与病理结果对照.采用秩相关检验评价CS-3D MERGE与增强MRA测量管腔狭窄程度相关性.以病理结果为金标准,评价CS-3D MERGE判定斑块成分的效能.结果 23例患者均顺利完成了双侧颈动脉CS-3D MERGE扫描.46支颈动脉中,剔除3支完全闭塞血管和评分为1分的5支血管.图像质量评分为（3.16±0.25）分.CS-3D MERGE测量管腔狭窄程度与增强MRA相关性好（r=0.95,P〈0.01）.采用CS-3D MERGE判断脂质核、斑块内出血和钙化的准确度分别为76.2%（16/21）、71.4%（15/21）和100.0%（21/21）.诊断脂质核的敏感度和特异度分别为86.6%（13/15）和50.0%（3/6）;诊断斑块内出血的敏感度和特异度分别为73.3%（11/15）和66.6%（4/6）;诊断钙化的敏感度和特异度均为100.0%（16/16和5/5）.结论 采用CS-3D MERGE评价血管狭窄程度和斑块成分方便、可行.

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the feasibility of delineation of the atherosclerotic plaque in carotid artery using compressed sensing three dimensional motion-sensitized driven equilibrium prepared rapid gradient echo （CS-3D MERGE） technique. Methods Twenty-three patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy （CEA） were enrolled prospectively. In all patients, bilateral carotid arteries were scanned by CS-3D MERGE and contrast-enhanced MR angiography （MRA） simultaneously. Image quality of CS-3D MERGE images was scored. Images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence and contrast-enhanced MRA were used to measure the carotid stenosis, which were divided into four groups：normal group, mild stenosis group, moderate stenosis group, and severe stenosis group. The results were compared between the two methods. And images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence were compared with corresponding histology in identifying major plaque components including lipid rich necrotic core （LRNC）, intraplaque hemorrhage （IPH）, and calcification （CA）. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used to compare the correlation between the CS-3D MERGE sequence and contrast-enhanced MRA in measuring the carotid stenosis. Agreement was tested comparing images from the CS-3D MERGE sequence with corresponding histology in identifying major plaque components including lipid-rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage, and calcification. Results Twenty-three CEA patients finished bilateral CS-3D MERGE scanning successfully. Image quality was 3.16±0.25. There was an excellent correlation between CS-3D MERGE and MRA in measuring stenosis （r=0.95, P〈0.01）. The agreement between CS-3D MERGE and histological results for LRNC detection was 76.2% （16/21）. It was less sensitive for IPH detection （71.4%, 15/21）. CS-3D MERGE identified all CA accurately （100.0%, 21/21）. Sensitivity and specificity were 86.6% （13/15） and 50.0% （3/6） for LRNC, 73.3% （11/15） and 66.6% （4/6） for IPH, 100.0% for CA respectively（16/16, 5/5）. Co