中文摘要：

目的研究了柿叶中总三萜的提取以及熊果酸的分离、纯化,并确定了提取、分离及纯化的适宜工艺条件,以利于柿叶资源的开发利用。方法以总三萜得率为指标,采用溶剂提取法筛选出总三萜提取的合适工艺,以及经脱脂、除杂、结晶得到熊果酸的合适条件。熊果酸晶体用EI-MS,ESI-MS,1H-NMR和13C-NMR等方法进行了表征。结果优化的总三萜的提取精制工艺条件为：柿叶粉用石油醚（沸点60-90℃）在60℃和液固比为6的条件下,脱色除杂3次,每次2h;脱色除杂后柿叶用乙酸乙酯作为提取溶剂,在70℃和液固比为6的条件下,提取3次,每次2h,合并乙酸乙酯提取液减压蒸干得到总三萜,总三萜得率约为4.1%,纯度约为63.1%。熊果酸的分离、纯化工艺条件为：乙酸乙酯粗提物用石油醚,60℃和液固比为30的条件下,脱色除杂3次,每次30min;然后,每0.4g经石油醚脱色除杂后的乙酸乙酯提取物用40mL乙醇溶解,加入0.4g左右活性炭,30℃下脱色2次,每次20min;最后,经活性炭脱色后的乙酸乙酯提取物用乙醇结晶两次就得到熊果酸晶体。经现代谱学方法研究证明,所得晶体为熊果酸,HPLC测定熊果酸含量超过98%,总产率在0.4%左右（以干柿叶计）。结论该工艺简单易行、快捷,成本较低、产品纯度高、环境污染小,适合工业规模化提取总三萜及生产熊果酸。

英文摘要：

　OBJECTIVE The extraction of total triterpenoids,separation and purification of ursolic acid from the leaves of Disopyros kaki were studied in order to exploit the resource of the leaves of Disopyros kaki.METHODS The effect of different factors on leaching rate was studied by solvent extraction.Ursolic acid was obtained after the following steps： extraction,degreasing,decoloration and recrystallization.The chemical structure of ursolic acid was identified by EI-MS,ESI-MS,1H-NMR and13C-NMR.RESULTS The optimal conditions of extracting total triterpenoids were obtained as follows： the leaves of Diospyros kaki were degreased by petroleum ether （bp 60-90 ℃） thrice,each for 2 h at 60 ℃,solvent volume to the leaves of Diospyros kaki mass ratio of 6∶1,and then extracted by EtOAC thrice,each for 2 h at 70 ℃,solvent volume to the leaves of Diospyros kaki mass ratio of 6∶1.The ethyl acetate extracts were combined and evaporated to dry under vacuum to obtain the total triterpenoids.The yield and purity of the total triterpenoids were about 4.1% and 63.1%,respectively.The optimal conditions of separation and purification of ursolic acid were as follows： the total triterpenoids obtained above were degreased by petroleum ether （bp 60-90 ℃） thrice （each for 30 min） at 60 ℃,solvent volume to the total triterpenoids mass ratio of 30∶1,and then was dissolved in ethanol and decolorized by active carbon twice at 30 ℃ and each for 20 min in a solution of the volume to the weight of active carbon ratio of 100∶1.The ethanol solution was evaporated to dryness under vacuum and then the residue was recrystallized from ethanol to obtain ursolic acid （about yield of 0.4% of the powder of the leaves of Disopyros kaki）.The purity of ursolic acid is above 98% by HPLC.CONCLUSION The product is obtained with high yield,highpurity and low pollution.It is feasible for the industrial production of total triterpene and ursolic acid from the leaves of Disopyros kaki.