中文摘要：

从炭黑的元素组成和表面官能团出发，介绍了增强炭黑亲水性改性的3种方法：氧化改性、接枝改性和包覆改性。氧化改性分为气相氧化、液相氧化、阳极氧化和等离子体氧化，接枝改性分为捕获性接枝、引发性接枝和反应性接枝，包覆改性的方法有微乳液聚合包覆和相分离法包覆。亲水性改性后的炭黑对水的润湿性增强，在水中分散更稳定。

英文摘要：

On the basis of elemental composition and surface functionality of carbon black, three procedures of hydrophilic modification on carbon black surface, such as oxidation, grafting and encapsulation modification are reviewed. Oxidation can be carried out in the gas or liquid phase, by anodic oxidation and by plasma oxidation. Grafting modification includes capturing, initiating and reactive grafting. Moreover, carbon black can be encapsulated by micro-emulsion polymerization and phase separating sedimentation. The wettability of carbon black to water is improved and the dispersing stability is enhanced.