中文摘要：

首先分析了煤炭产业和经济活动的特点，以及当前及长远亟待解决的许多重大问题，如资源浪费，安全差，效率低，环境破坏严重，科技含量低等．提出产能的概念，阐述科学采煤的5个主要方面：煤炭生产机械化、煤炭生产与环境保护、矿井矸石处理与利用、煤矿安全生产和提高资源回收率，提出应计算煤炭完全成本、进行资源有偿使用，延长产业链，支持煤电合营，对输出资源区进行补偿等一些决策意见，以经济手段对煤炭行业进行调控与管理．

英文摘要：

Characteristics of coal industry and economic activity were firstly analyzed and many fateful problems such as resource waste, poor condition in production safety, low efficiency, serious environmental destruction, and low sci-tech content etc both at present time and in the future were discussed in this paper. The idea of production capacity was put forward and five main aspects for scientific mining were expounded as 1） mechanization of coal mining, 2） coal mining and environment protection, 3） disposal and utilization of mine waste, 4） mining safety, and 5） improvement of resource recovery ratio. Several opinions for decision-making were suggested such as 1） calculating the complete cost of coal so as to realize the compensated use of resources, 2） prolonging the industrial chain, 3） supporting the joint operation of coal and electricity, 4） compensating for those areas where resources export, and 5） using economic means to adjust, control, and manage the coal industry.