中文摘要：

血管再生和形成对创伤愈合、缺血性疾病治疗及骨缺损修复重建等具有重要作用。小分子RNAfMicroRNAs，miRNAs）是一类小的内源性非编码RNA，通过作用于靶mRNA，促进降解或转录，抑制调控基因的表达。目前证明miRNAs在血管再生和血管性疾病中发挥重要作用。本文综述IniRNAs在血管形成、聚集，特别是缺血后新生血管形成中的作用，希望为临床上miRNAs治疗缺血性疾病和骨修复重建提供新的思路。

英文摘要：

Angiogenesis plays a key role in wound healing, the treatment of ischemic disease, bone defect repair and reconstruction. MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs that control gene expression by acting on target mRNAs for promoting either their degradation or translational repression. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs play important roles in vascular development as well as in vascular diseases. In this review, we aimed at describing the role of miRNAs in angiogenesis, in particular, focusing on post-ischemic neovascularization, and hope to provide new ideas for effective treatment of ischemic diseases and bone defect repair in the future. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （81100788）, Combined Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education （212080）, Grants for Scientific Research of BSKY （XJ201109）, Engineering and Medical Project of Shanghai Jiao Tong University （YG2012MS32）, Grants for Scientific Research of BSKY （XJ201109） and Young Top-Notch Talent Support Scheme from Anhui Medical University.