中文摘要：

目的：分析及探讨原发性食道癌的中医证候特点及演变规律。方法：采用回顾性研究，对50例食道癌患者的临床证候进行频数统计和聚类分析，并根据是否经手术和／或食道支架治疗将食道癌患者分为两组，分析两组患者中医证型的构成特点。结果：乏力、气短、舌淡红、纳差、盗汗、苔薄白、呃逆为食道癌患者最常见的证候表现。其中乏力、气短、纳差、口干、呃逆、盗汗、反酸、舌红、苔薄白、脉细弱为手术和／或食道支架患者常见的证候表现；而盗汗、消瘦、咽干、呕吐痰涎、进食哽噎、舌淡红、苔薄白、脉弦滑为未经手术和／或食道支架患者常见的证候表现。食道癌的中医证型以脾气亏虚最为常见，其次为肝胃不和、气阴两虚，痰气交阻。未经手术和／或食道支架患者与经手术和／或食道支架患者相比，痰气交阻证更为多见，并有显著统计学意义。结论：食道癌患者的中医证候、证型发生了明显的转变，这种改变与当前诊疗技术和方法的进步密切相关。

英文摘要：

Objective ： To analyze and discuss the characteristics and evolution of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome of esophageal cancer. Methods ： The retrospective study method was used. And frequency statistics and clustering analysis were made according to with or without surgery/esophageal stent.50 cases of esophageal cancer patients were classified according to the syndrome performance, and syndrome differentiation. Results ： The most common syndrome performances of patients with esophageal cancer were fatigue, shortness of breath, pink tongue, anorexia, night sweats, thin white fur, and hiccups.The fatigue, shortness of breath, lack of appetite, dry mouth, hiccups, night sweats, acid reflux, red tongue, thin white fur, thin and weak pulse belonged to those with surgery and/or the esophageal stent.And night sweats, weight loss, dry throat, vomiting phlegm, eating choking, pink tongue, thin white fur, pulse string slip belonged to those without surgery and/or the esophageal stent. Spleen deficiency type is the most common TCM type of esophageal cancer, followed by the disharmony of liver and deficiency of qi and yin, qi stagnation and phlegm stasis resistance.Without surgery and/or the esophageal stent patients compared with those with surgery and/or esophageal stent patients, qi stagnation and phlegm stasis syndrome is more common with statistical significance. Conclusion ： TCM syndromes of esophageal cancer patients oecurrs a significant change, and this change is closely related with the progress of the current treatment technology and methods.