中文摘要：

对半滑舌鳎、黑鳃舌鳎和短吻三线舌鳎2个自然群体（Ca1和Ca2）的21个可量性状进行了测定,利用单因素方差分析（One-Way ANOVA）和Student-Newman-Keuls多重比较法,对21个可量性状进行分析和比较。结果发现,短吻三线舌鳎2个群体之间无显著性差异性状达71.43%,半滑舌鳎与短吻三线舌鳎具有显著性差异性状达71.43%,黑鳃舌鳎与短吻三线舌鳎具有显著性差异性状达66.67%~71.43%,半滑舌鳎与黑鳃舌鳎具有显著性差异性状达57.14%。对4个舌鳎群体线粒体（mt DNA）细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ亚基（COⅠ）和细胞色素b（Cyt b）基因进行克隆,在Gen Bank上未发现与黑鳃舌鳎同缘的COⅠ和Cyt b序列,说明黑鳃舌鳎COⅠ和Cyt b基因是首次被克隆,登录号分别为JQ937270 and JQ937271。3种舌鳎的COⅠ和Cyt b基因碱基含量分析显示,G含量最低,T含量均为最高,并且AT含量要高于GC。利用COⅠ和Cyt b序列分别检测舌鳎4个群体种内、种外遗传距离,并构建的NJ系统进化树,结果显示：半滑舌鳎与黑鳃舌鳎遗传距离分别为0.047~0.050和0.045,半滑舌鳎与短吻三线舌鳎分别为0.129~0.132和0.161~0.166,黑鳃舌鳎与短吻三线舌鳎分别为0.123~0.126和0.162~0.172,短吻三线舌鳎种内外遗传距离分别为0.002和0.002~0.004,半滑舌鳎与黑鳃舌鳎亲缘关系较近,它们与短吻三线舌鳎的亲缘关系较远,短吻三线舌鳎种内分化未达到种群分化的程度。研究表明,COⅠ和Cyt b基因完全可作为3种舌鳎种质鉴定的DNA条形码。

英文摘要：

The Cynoglossidae fish is an important resource of germplasm in marine fish. In this study,21 measurable characters of four groups of Cynoglossus fish including one cultured population of Half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis（ Günther,1873）（ Group Cs）,one wild population of Roule＇s tonguesole Cynoglossus roulei（ Wu,1932）（ Group Cr） and two wild populations of Three-lined tongue sole Cynoglossus abbreviatus（ Gray,1832）（ Group Cas,which was divided into Group Ca1 and Group Ca2） were compared using One-w ay ANOVA and Student-New man-Keuls multiple comparison method. The results show ed that there is no significant difference betw een Group Ca1 and Group Ca2,while significant difference existed betw een any other two groups. Furthermore,the gene fragments of cytochrome oxidation enzyme I subunits（ CO Ⅰ） and the cytochrome b（ Cyt b） in mitochondria（ mt DNA） were cloned and analyzed from the four tongue sole groups respectively. The intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances of the four tongue sole groups were further analyzed based on the CO Ⅰ and Cyt b genes. Both morphological and phylogenetic analysis proved that Half-smooth tongue sole and Roule＇s tongue sole had a closer relationship,while it was far from Three-lined tongue sole. N-J phylogenetic evolutionary analysis indicated that CO Ⅰ and Cyt b genes can be used as DNA barcoding in germplasm identification of these three tongue sole species. This study provided a clear genetic background for cross breeding,selective breeding and system development research for the three species of tongue sole fish.