中文摘要：

为了进一步研究隧洞等地下工程中锚杆支护锚固机理，根据微段锚杆的受力平衡以及载荷传递机理建立了锚杆的载荷传递微分方程，同时根据隧道围岩安装锚杆前后的应变变形建立了锚杆的轴向载荷的传递方程，结合圆形隧洞围岩的径向变形方程，推导了理想弹塑性围岩中注浆岩石锚杆的轴向应力的计算模型，以及锚固段与围岩体界面之间的摩阻力的计算模型。通过对比工程实测结果与模型计算结果，验证了所建立的模型的正确性，同时也验证了巷道锚杆支护中性点理论的合理性与正确性。

英文摘要：

The bolt＇s load transfer differential equation was established according to the stress equilibrium in a small section of a bolt and load transfer mechanism. And according to the rock mass deformation before and after bolt assembling, the rock bolt＇s load transfer equation was gained. And combining the radial deformation of tunnel wall rock mass, the axial force and friction resistance of rock bolt was gotten. Through comparing the measured data with the model computed result, it has been confirmed that the model is accurate. And then, it has been also confirmed the rationality and the accuracy of the tunnel reinforcement neutral point theory.