中文摘要：

扬子地台早寒武世和埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱期的地层中发现了大量保存精美的磷酸盐化球状化石，其中一些球状化石为硅化保存，它们为解释早期生命的起源和演化提供了宝贵的素材。在这些球状化石的种属分类和胚胎真伪等方面，不同的研究人员之间还存在较大的分歧。本文通过设计实验，以团头鲂鱼卵为材料，将团头鲂鱼卵注入不同浓度硅酸盐溶液中，观察鱼卵在不同溶液中的保存状态和硅化潜力。研究结果显示：团头鲂鱼卵硅化非常迅速，鱼卵最有利的保存环境是非碱性条件下的还原条件；在同一实验条件下，同一种属，不同形态的鱼卵和鱼卵的不同部分都可以保存下来。上述实验为球状化石的种属分类和真伪鉴定研究提供了有益参考，并为球状化石形成过程的探索提供了线索和思路。

英文摘要：

A great quantity of embryo fossils were found in Early Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Formation and the Ediaca- ran Doushantuo Formation of South China. The delicate and artistic embryo fossils are the most precious and unique material to explore the genesis and evolution of early life. But, the classification and identification of embryo fossils have tremendous controversy between different researchers. In this paper, fish Megalobrama amlycephala eggs are used as the experimental material. 100--150 embryos were put into different jars with solutions of silicate in different concentration. Two weeks later, all eggs are solidified by chemicals and observed under reflected-light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The result shows that silicifieation is a very rapid process. At the same condition, the preservation of egg morphology are different obviously. Also, the experiment result shows that silicate mineralization is the outcome of both acid-neutral electrolyte and reductive environment. The experiment results provide a clear clue to the formation of embryo fossils.