中文摘要：

利用区域海气耦合模式FROALS模拟的区域气候模式降尺度协同试验（CORDEX）的东亚区域的动力降尺度试验数据。分析了全球1．5℃温升背景下中国地区极端温度指数、极端降水指数以及民生相关指数的可能变化。结果表明，中国地区的暖事件显著增加，冷事件显著减少。高强度和中等强度极端暖事件发生风险分别为1986-2005年基准期的2．14和1．93倍，高强度和中等强度极端冷事件发生风险分别为基准期的0．58和0．63倍。分区来看，华北的高强度极端暖事件增幅最大（将为基准期的2．94倍），东北高强度极端冷事件减幅最大（将为基准期的0．38倍）。西北、青藏高原以及东北等地区的极端干旱事件发生风险略增加（分别为基准期的1．13，1．04，1．22倍）。全国大部分地区的平均降水显著增加，高强度的极端降水事件在全国普遍增加，并且在华北和东南的发生风险增幅最大（分别为基准期的1．88倍和1．85倍）。闷热日数在东部地区显著增加，并且与单一的极端高温事件相比，极端闷热日数的增加风险更大（将为基准期的5．34倍）。全国取暖度日显著减少，东部以及西北的降温度日显著增加，在人口密度较大的东部地区取暖度日的减幅（-258℃·d）大于降温度日的增幅（72℃·d），但与基准期相比，降温度日的变化比例（82％）大于取暖度日（-10％）。

英文摘要：

The possible changes of extreme climates over China under 1.5℃ global warming scenario were investigated by using the output of CORDEX （COordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment） experiments with a regional air-sea coupled model FROALS over East Asia domain. Results indicated that compared to the baseline peri-od of 1986-2005, warm events would significantly increase while cold events would significantly decrease over China in a 1.5 ℃ wanner world. The risks of extreme and moderate warm events would be 2.14 and 1.93 times of that in the baseline period, respectively. The risks of extreme and moderate cold events would be 0.58 and 0.63 times of that in the baseline period, respectively. Compared to other sub-regions, the increasing amplitude of extreme warm events would be higher in North China, while the decreasing amplitude of extreme cold events would be higher in Northeast China. Risks of extreme dry events would increase in Northwest China, Tibetan Plateau and Northeast China （ 1.13, 1.02 and 1.22 times of that in baseline period）. Precipitation intensity and extreme wet events would increase significantly over most parts of China, and the increasing amplitudes extreme wet events will be higher in North China and South China （ 1.88 and 1.85 times of that in the baseline period）. Days when people may feel uncomfortable would increase significantly in eastern China, and compared to simple extreme warm events, the increasing amplitude of extreme uncomfortable days would be larger. The absolute changes of heating degree-days would be larger than that of cooling degree-days （-258℃ · d and 72℃ · d, respectively） in eastern China, but the relative change of heating degree-days would be smaller than cooling degree-days （- 10% and 82% , respectively）.