中文摘要：

以太湖梅梁湾为例，应用地统计学方法研究悬浮物（SS）、化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和叶绿素-a（Chl—a）的空间变异规律，提出确定湖泊水质参数合理取样数目的方法。结果表明，5种水质参数空间分布不均匀。其变异程度为SS〈COD,〈TP〈TN〈Chl—a，其中SS和COD的变异不具有随机性。从结构特征看，SS、COD和TN具有强烈的空间相关性，而TP和Chl—a具有中等程度的空间相关性。从变程看，5种水质参数的空间自相关范围不同，SS和COD的较小，TP和TN居中且很相近，而Chl—a的最大。根据研究区水质特点，SS的合理取样数目应为18个，COD为6个，TN为36个，TP为21个，Chl-a为55个。

英文摘要：

Understanding the spatial variability of water quality parameters in the lake and determining their adequate sampling amount is an important precondition to carry on the research of water environment. Taking Meiliang bayou,Taihu Lake as an example, the paper studied the spatial variability of five water quality parameters which included SS, COD, TN, TP and Chl-a by geostatistics. Given that, the method of determining adequate sarnpling amount for lake water quality parameters was put forward. The result shows that five water quality parameters are not uniform in the spatial distribution,their spatial heterogeneity degree is SS〈 COD〈 TP〈 TN〈 Chl-a, and SS and COD are not random variability. As for their structural characteristic, the spatial correlation of SS, COD and TN is strong while that of TP and Chl-a is moderate, As far as range, the scope of spatial correlation for five water quality parameteas is dlfferent,whlch SS and COD are small, TP and TN are moderate and approximate,while Chl - a is the largest. According to the condition of water quality in this area,the adequate sampling amount is 18 for SS,6 for COD,36 for TN,21 for TP and 55 for Chl-a.