中文摘要：

骨组织工程是通过在体外构建有正常组织功能或疾病生理特点的临床模型,用以药物筛选,或研究疾病发生发展过程.骨骼肌肉系统是载重系统,其功能与组织结构、细胞外基质等密切相关.在构建骨组织体外模型时,需要结合骨、软骨及其他构成成分的生理微环境,表现关节骨软骨接合处的生理特点及作用机制,进而模拟正常及病理状态下骨组织系统对刺激的反应.本综述从骨软骨组织的生理构造入手,阐述了骨软骨连接处在退行性关节病变发生发展过程中的作用,并系统的论述了体外构建三维骨软骨组织的方法及这些方法的优势和局限性,为体外构建骨软骨组织工程在临床上应用提供支持.

英文摘要：

Through the construct of clinical models with normal or pathological tissue in vitro,bone tissue engineering can be used in drug screening and researching the development of diseases.Musculoskeletal tissues are load-bearing,matrix-rich tissues whose functionality is intimately connected to the extracellular matrix and its organization,which present unique challenges in construct in vitro model.These systems should accurately imitate the structure and function of the human organs and their physiological response to different stimulus.Combine bone,cartilage and other tissues to form an interactive microphysiological system to fully capture the biological complexity and mechanical functions of the osteochondral junction of the articular joint is the main target of osteochondral complex.Based on the physiological structure of bone and cartilage tissue and the mechanism of the osteochondral junction in degenerative joint disease,this review presents the existing methods to construct 3D bone and cartilage tissue engineering in vitro,and discusses the advantages and limitations of these methods,which will provide support to the clinical application of bone tissue engineering.