中文摘要：

目的了解高水平耐氨基糖苷类鲍曼不动杆菌16S rRNA甲基化酶、氨基糖苷修饰酶基因的流行情况。方法从2008年9月至2011年1月收集的110株鲍曼不动杆菌，琼脂二倍稀释法测定其对6种氨基糖苷类抗生素的药物敏感性，并筛选出对阿米卡星MIC≥256μg／mL的60株鲍曼不动杆菌，PCR法检测7种甲基化酶基因（armA、rmtA—rmtE、NpmA）和3种氨基糖苷修饰酶基因（aac（6′）-Ib、ant（3″）-Ia、aph（3′）-I）。结果鲍曼不动杆菌对氨基糖苷类高水平耐药率较高（46．4％～65．4％），armA、aac（6′）-Ib、ant（3″）-Ia、aph（3′）-I的基因检出率分别为66．7％（40株）、51．7％（31株）、81．7％（49株）、58．3％（35株），其余基因未检出。结论鲍曼不动杆菌对氨基糖苷类抗生素的高度耐药性与16S rRNA甲基化酶基因及氨基糖苷修饰酶基因有关。

英文摘要：

Objective To survey the prevalence of genes encoding 16S rRNA methylase and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes in Acinetobacter baurnannii with high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. Methods A total of 110 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected from September 2008 to January 2011 in Northeastern Sichuan. The sensitivity of the isolates to 6 aminoglycosides was determined using agar dilution method. The 16S rRNA methylase genes （armA, rmtA-rmtE, and NpmA） and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes genes （aac （6′）-Ib、ant（3″）-Ia、aph（3′）-I were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in Acinetobacter baumannii with high-level resistance to amikacin （MIC≥256μg/mL）. Results The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were 46.4%-65.4% to aminoglycosides. The armA, （aac（6′）-Ib、ant（3″）-Ia、 and aph（3′） -I genes were present in 66.7%, 51.7%, 81.7%, and 58.3% of the 60 clinical isolates highly resistant to amikacin （MIC≥256μg/mL）, respectively. Conclusions The clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Northeastern Sichuan were extensively resistant to most commonly used aminoglyeosides. The 16S rRNA methylase and aminoglycoside modifying enzyms are the major reasons for the resistance to aminoglycosides in Acinetobacter baumannii.