中文摘要：

在中国特殊的经济发展模式下,大量农村外出务工人员向城市转移,从而农村出现了留守儿童,其中不乏因早期母婴分离而出现的低龄留守儿童.这些留守儿童在学习、心理和行为等方面均存在不同的问题,并已引起广泛关注.早期母婴分离作为负性应激,其影响良好母婴依恋的形成.早期母婴分离通过影响子代的神经突触可塑性、神经递质、谷氨酸、神经营养因子及乙酰胆碱能系统,对子代的心理、行为和认知发育可产生不利影响.该文就早期母婴分离对子代发育的影响及其相关神经学机制的研究进展作以综述,为促进低龄留守儿童的发育提供理论参考.

英文摘要：

In China＇ s economic development mode, a large number of rural migrant workers are rushing into city and large quantifies of left-behind children appear in the rural areas, including young left-behind children because of early maternal seperation. A large number of studies showed that these left-behind children have many problems in different aspects such as learning, psychology and behavior, which has attracted more attention. Early maternal seperation as a negative stress affects formation of the normal mother-child attachment. Population-based studies and animal experiments have shown that early maternal seperation has a negative impact on psychology, behavior and cognitive development of the off-spring through synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter, glutamate, neurotrophic factors and eholinergic system. This paper reviewed progress in research on the effects and neurological mechanisms of early maternal seperation on the off-spring in order to provide theoretieal basis for promoting development of young left-behind children.