中文摘要：

目的通过不同时期母乳、母亲及婴儿全血铁、锌、钙含量特点分析,评价哺乳期母乳及母婴矿物质含量变化特点。方法随机选取产后6周及3月龄母亲及婴儿各50对,采用火焰原子吸收法检测母乳中及同期母亲、婴儿全血中铁、锌、钙离子水平,比较不同时期各矿物质水平差异,并分析母乳、母亲以及婴儿之间的相关关系。结果母乳中铁、锌的水平随哺乳时间延长而下降（铁0.102mg/100g vs0.0605mg/100g,P〈0.05;锌0.257mg/100g vs 0.171mg/100g,P〈0.05）。婴儿血中铁离子水平随月龄增长而下降（392.45mg/L vs 356.80mg/L,P〈0.05）,母乳中铁、锌、钙离子水平与母亲血中相应元素水平均无相关关系;婴儿血中铁、锌、钙与母亲血中相应元素成正相关关系（r=0.591、0.362和0.435,P=0.000、0.013和0.001）。结论乳腺内的矿物质转运与母亲本身的营养状况并无明显相关。随着哺乳期的延长,母乳中铁离子下降可能是母乳喂养婴儿生理性贫血多发的原因之一。母亲孕期矿物质的水平可能影响生后早期婴儿相应的矿物质水平。

英文摘要：

Objective To assess the change characters of mineral status in breast milk and blood of lactating mothers and infants at different postpartum stages,and to analyze the clinic significance of these changes in breastfeeding.Methods 50 mother-infant pairs at 6 weeks postpartum and 50 mother-infant pairs at 3 months postpartum were randomly selected,and the concentration of iron,zinc and calcium in milk and blood of mothers and infants were measured according to flame atomic absorption spectrometry.Compared the disparity of these minerals at different stages,and analyze the correlations of the ones among milk,blood of mothers and infants.Results the level of iron and zinc declined through lactation（Fe 0.102 mg/100g vs 0.0605 mg/100g,P 0.05;Zn 0.257 mg/100g vs 0.171mg/100g,P0.05）.The level of iron ion in blood of infants declined with increasing age（392.45 mg/L vs 356.80 mg/L,P0.05）.The level of iron,zinc and calcium ion in maternal blood was not associated with these minerals of milk,and separately positively associated with these minerals in blood of infan（r=0.591、0.362 and 0.435,P=0.000、0.013 and 0.001）.Conclusion The mammary mineral transport is likely an active process,and not apparently associated with maternal mineral status.The decline of milk iron through lactation may be one of the reasons for high prevalence of breast-fed infants＇ physiologic anemia.Maternal mineral status during pregnancy may have an influence on the mineral levels of infants in early period.