中文摘要：

研究了H13钢在电渣锭退火、锻后退火和淬回火三种状态下的析出物特征。利用碳膜萃取复型,通过透射电镜、电子衍射和能谱分析发现方形、圆形及尺寸在200 nm以下的不规则碳化析出物,并确定它们分别为 V8C7、Cr23C6和 Cr3C2（ Cr2VC2）。研究了这些析出物的演变规律,并对其在液相区、固-液两相区和固相区的析出规律进行了热力学计算。根据热力学计算及电子衍射标定结果发现,Cr23C6和V8C7在液相区及固-液两相区均不能析出,当冷却到固相区时它们才开始析出。

英文摘要：

The characteristics of precipitates in H13 steel under three different states, i. e. , annealed electroslag remelting （ ESR） , annealing and tempering, were studied by means of carbon extraction replica technique, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy. It is observed that these precipitates is composed of square-shaped ones, roundshaped ones and irregular ones below 200 nm in size, which are defined as V8C7 , Cr23C6 and Cr3C2 （ Cr2VC2 ） , respectively. The evolution of these precipitates was analyzed, and thermodynamic calculations of precipitation were performed in the liquid phase region, the liquid-solid phase region and the solid phase region. Thermodynamic calculation and transmission electron microscopy results show that Cr23C6 and V8C7 cannot precipitate in both the liquid phase region and the liquid-solid phase region, but they start to precipitate only when cooling to the solid phase.