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中文摘要：
建立了按激光光斑直径逐点沉积热力耦合的热应力有限元分析模型．316L不锈钢直薄壁件沉积过程的热应力模拟结果显示，拉应力区出现在基板与沉积部分界面处（界面拉应力区）和沉积部分顶部（顶部拉应力区）；拉应力区的位置随激光束的运动不断变化．实验证明，沉积过程中的开裂分别发生在沉积部分顶部（顶部开裂）和基板与沉积部分界面处的边缘部位（边缘开裂）．顶部开裂出现在顶部拉应力区，边缘开裂出现在界面拉应力区中拉应力最大的边缘部位．有限元模拟结果很好地解释了实验中的开裂现象．
英文摘要：
The finite element model of the thermal stress was propesed by using thermal force coupling method according to laser spot diameter and pointwise deposition. The simulating results of depositing vertical thin wall sample of 316L stainless steel exhibited that the tensile stress appeared at interface between the substrate and depositing layer （named as interface tensile stress zone） and the top of depositing layer （named as top tensile stress zone）, and those tensile stress zones varied continuously with the movement of laser beam. The experiment observation demonstrated that the cracking during depositing process occured at the tensile stress zone of the top of deposited layer （named as top cracking） and the maximum tensile stress zone of the edge positions of the interface （named as edge cracking）. The simulating results also give an appropriate explanation for the cracking phenomenon during depositing of the vertical thin wall sample.
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