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中文摘要：
对一种新合成的两性界面活性剂N，N，N-三甲胺-N＇-油酸酰亚胺在二维通道内的减阻特性进行了实验研究．为了能进行低温测试，以20％的甘醇不冻液为溶剂．溶液质量浓度范围为（5×10^-5）～（1×10^-3），测试温度为-5℃和25℃．用粒子成像测速仪对减阻流动的湍流特性进行了测量．实验表明，这种新型界面活性剂溶液呈现明显减阻特性，且减阻特性与浓度和温度均有很大的关系，最大减阻值可高达83％．该界面活性剂中加入NaNO2，在低温和低浓度条件下能有效改善减阻效果，而在常温和高浓度条件下反而降低减阻效果．添加界面活性剂抑制了湍流速度脉动和湍流涡脉动，使雷诺剪切应力完全消失．
英文摘要：
Experiments were conducted to study the drag-reduction characteristics of a newly synthesized zwitterionic surfactant solution （oleyl trimethylaminimide） in a two-dimensional channel. Ethylene glycol aqueous solution （EG/W） with mass fraction of 20% was used as solvent for measurements at subzero temperatures. The surfactant mass concentration ranged from 5 × 10^-5 to 1× 10^-3 , and the temperature was -5℃ and 25℃ respectively. Turbulence features of the surfactant drag-reducing flow were also measured by using particle image velocimetry （PIV） technique. It was found that the novel zwitterionic surfactant solution showed drag-reduction characteristics which were greatly affected by both concentration and temperature. The maximum drag-reduction could reach 83%. The addition of NaNO2 to the novel surfactant solution could improve the drag-reduction performance at low temperatures and concentrations, whereas it had a negative effect at high temperatures and concentrations. Turbulent velocity and vortex fluctuations were suppressed and Reynolds shear stress was diminished by adding surfactants into the turbulent flow.
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