中文摘要：

以不同比例十六烷基三甲基溴化铵单一修饰（CB）和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵＋十二烷基磺酸钠混合修饰（CB＋SDS，简称CS）楼土黏化层土样，采用批处理法通过不同的速度参数研究了修饰土样对苯胺的吸附动力学特征。结果表明，有机修饰能够显著加快[土娄]土黏化层土样对苯胺的吸附速度、温度的升高可使起始吸附速度加快，但对其他各项速度参数影响不显著；苯胺吸附速度随添加浓度的增大而增大；在20℃和40℃下，总吸附速度V1、起始吸附速度V05、快速吸附速度Vf在低苯胺添加浓度下，总体上不同比例修饰土样对苯胺的吸附速度差异均不显著，而在高苯胺添加浓度下，在5％显著性水平上均具有CB100％修饰土（100CB）〉CB50％比例修饰土（50CB）-CB100％＋SDS20％修饰土（120CS）〉原土（CK）的高低顺序；苯胺的吸附反应呈现快速反应和慢速反应两个阶段，总吸附反应以快速吸附反应为主，修饰土样快速反应和慢速反应的转折时间（tc）均在3h以内；修饰土样中有机相对苯胺的疏水分配吸附是快速吸附的主要机制，具有吸附质浓度驱动的特征；慢速吸附主要发生在未被修饰的原始土样表面，机制比较复杂。

英文摘要：

A batch experiment was carried out to study adsorption kinetics of aniline on clay-layer （CL） of Lou soil modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTMAB, CB） at varying ratio （100CB and 50CB） and cetyhrimethylammonium bromide ＋ sodium dodecylsulphonate （CTMAB ＋ SDS, CS） mixture and its mechanism. Results show that the modification of the CL of Lou soil increased significantly the adsorption velocity of aniline ; a rising temperature sped up its initial velocity （ V0.5） only, but did not have any significant effect on the other adsorption velocity parameters. Aniline adsorption velocity increased with increasing aniline concentration. At the two experimental temperatures, 20℃and 40℃ , all the three aniline adsorption velocity parameters, i. e. total adsorption velocity （Vt）, initial adsorption velocity （V0.5） and fast adsorption velocity （Vf） , did not vary much with the modification ratio when aniline was added at a low rate, 50μg ·mL^-1 , but displayed a decreasing order of 100CB 〉 50CB 120CS 〉 CK at 5% level when the addition was at 200μg ·mL^-1. The aniline adsorption process appeared to have two phases, fast adsorption and slow adsorption, of which the former dominated the total adsorption, and turned into the latter within 3h （t0）. Lyophobic proportional adsorption was the major mechanism dominating the fast adsorption and demonstrating the feature of a concentration driving force. However, slow adsorption generally occurred on the surface of unmodified soil with a complex mechanism.