中文摘要：

风景园林环境的多样性依赖于地理环境的多样性和生物及生态系统的多样性。基于地理环境和生态学视角的生物多样性是风景园林学科生物多样性的重要理论基础。随着生态环境保护意识的增强和地理学、生态学、风景园林学等学科的深度发展，生物多样性的研究也逐渐受到重视，而且走向多学科融合的特征和途径。基于文献整理分析，探讨地理环境与生物样性之间的关系，从全球尺度论述植物区系、陆地动物和海洋动物的地理分布以及生物多样性热点地区，并分析地质年代和环境条件对生物多样性分布的影响，揭示基于地理学的生物多样性分布特征，并从地理环境的角度建立地理空间与生物多样性之间的关联。

英文摘要：

The biodiversity of landscape architecture mainly depends on the diversity of geographical environment, living beings and ecosystem. The biodiversity based on geographical environment and ecology is an important theoretical foundation of the biodiversity in landscape architecture discipline. As more attention is paid to eco- environment protection and disciplines such as Geography, Ecology and Landscape Architecture are further developed, the study of biodiversity is gaining more attention and is gradually moving toward integration with other fields. This article discusses the relationship between geography environment and biodiversity based on the literature analysis, tt introduces biodiversity hot spots and the geographical distribution of flora, land animals and marine animals from a global scale, and analyzes the influences that geochronology and environmental conditions have on biodiversity distribution, trying to reveal the characteristic of the geography- based biodiversity distribution, and to establish the links between geographic space and biodiversity from the perspective of geographical environment.