中文摘要：

微波加热作为一种新兴热源具有加热速率快、制备时间短、节能等优点，已经被广泛应用于合成包括磷酸钙在内的多种无机纳米材料。磷酸钙作为典型的生物材料，其制备新方法的探索、结构／尺寸／形貌调控、性能研究和应用探索是生物材料领域的一个重要研究方向。本文阐述了微波辅助合成法用于制备纳米材料的优势，并综述了微波辅助液相快速合成磷酸钙纳米结构材料的进展。采用微波液相合成技术，可以制备出包括颗粒、一维、二维和三维结构在内的多种磷酸钙纳米结构材料，同时还可以通过功能性组分的掺杂／复合对磷酸钙纳米材料进行功能化。预期未来微波液相合成法在包括磷酸钙在内的多种无机纳米材料的合成领域将得到快速发展和广泛应用；另外，微波液相合成的磷酸钙纳米结构材料在药物递送和控释、蛋白吸附、金属离子吸附、生物成像及骨缺损修复等众多领域具有良好的应用前景。

英文摘要：

Microwave heating has many advantages such as rapidness, short reaction time, high efficiency and energy saving. The microwave-assisted syntheses usually exhibit order-of-magnitude enhancements in chemical reaction rate as compared to the conventional syntheses. As a result, the microwave heating as a novel heat source allows the rapid production of inorganic nanostructured materials in liquid phase, thus advancing rapidly toward its practical applications. On the other hand, the rich varieties of liquid solvents and their smart combinations will provide a great freedom for the rapid preparation of various calcium phosphate nanostructured materials, and more importantly for the control over the chemical composition, structure, size, morphology, and self-assembly. In recent years, to investigate new strategies for the preparation, control over structure/size/morphology, properties and applications of calcium phosphate nanostructured materials have become a hot topic in the biomedical research field. Up to now, various calcium phosphate nanostructured materials have been prepared by the microwave- assisted method in liquid phase, including nanoparticles, one-, two- and three-dimensional nanostructures. In addition, calcium phosphate nanostructured materials can be further functionalized through doping or adding different functional components by the microwave-assisted method. The as-prepared calcium phosphate based nanostructured materials are promising for applications in various fields, including drug delivery, protein adsorption, metal ion adsorption, bioimaging, and so on. This review discusses the advantages of microwave- assisted synthesis of nanostructured materials, and reviews the recent progress of microwave-assisted preparation of calcium phosphate nanostructured materials in liquid phase. In addition, some future research trends and directions of microwave-assisted synthesis of calcium phosphate nanostructured materials are proposed.