中文摘要：

有害海藻的花蕾最近在在全世界的聚光灯下面，因为他们海洋的环境，水产业，渔业以及公共健康上的否定影响。为原因的种类的快速、精确的鉴定和 quantification 的方法的发展为花蕾，技术基于分类探针在之中是赞成的 themost 的警告 andmonitoring 是必要的。在这研究，二有害水藻，即，最小的 Prorocentrum 和 Karenia mikimotoi 被考虑。两个的部分大子单元 rDNA (D1-D2 ) 种类是第一放大 PCR 的，克隆并且定序。获得的序列然后被介绍为基因执行排列分析特定的区域。为每种的三根各自的候选人探针被设计并且过去常由在杂交(鱼) 测试的 situ 执行荧光屏蔽最佳的探查。结果证明探针 Pmin0443 和 Kmik0602 为 P 显示了最好的杂交。最小和 K。mikimotoi 分别地。两特定(分类)(Pmin0443 和 Kmik0602 ) 并且控制探针(UniC0512 和 UniR0499 ) 在我们的实验室与另外的 microalgae 被用于跨反应的测试。探针 Pmin0443 和 Kmik0602 是特定的并且能作为介绍进指向 rRNA 的技术的分类探针被服务，例如 P 的鱼，三明治杂交，和 DNA-microarray 试金。最小和 K。mikimotoi 以后。最后，有两探查的鱼分析在模仿的地样品上被执行。探针能专门有目标房间井的 hybridize，和没有重要差别(p > 0.05 ) 在鱼和轻显微镜学(LM ) 决定的样品的房间密度被观察。都建议探针是特定的并且能为监视两有害水藻被介绍进鱼。

英文摘要：

Harmful algal blooms recently have been under the spotlight throughout the world, because of their nega- tive impact on the marine environment, aquaculture, fisheries as well as public health. The development of methods for rapid and precise identification and quantification of causative species is essential for the warning and monitoring of blooms, among which the techniques based on taxonomic probes are the most favored. In this study, two harmful algae, i.e., Prorocentrum minimum and Karenia mikimotoi were tak- en into consideration. The partial large subunit rDNA （D1-D2） of both species were firstly PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. The obtained sequences were then introduced to carry out alignment analysis for gene specific regions. Three respective candidate probes for each species were designed and used to screen the optimal probe by performing fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） tests. The results showed that the probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 displayed the best hybridization for P. minimum and K.. mikimotoi, respectively. Both the specific （taxonomic） （Pmin0443 and Kmik0602） and the control probes （UniC0512 and UniR0499） were used for cross-reactivity tests with other microalgae in our laboratory. The probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 are specific and could be served as taxonomic probes introduced into the tech- niques targeting rRNA, such as FISH, sandwich hybridization, and DNA-microarray assay of P minimum and K. mikimotoi in the future. Finally, FISH analyses with both probes were performed on the simulated field samples. The probes could hybridize exclusively with the target cells well, and no significant differ- ence （p 〉0.05） was observed in the cell densities of the samples determined by FISH and light microscopy （LM）. All suggest that the probes are specific and could be introduced into FISH for the monitoring of both harmful algae.