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中文摘要：
考察了55、65和75℃、反应时间0～2h条件下葡萄糖在甲酸体系中的降解情况，在甲酸中仅少量降解，在盐酸、甲酸溶液中降解较为剧烈。通过GC-MS分析75℃、反应时间4h，葡萄糖在含不同盐酸质量分数的甲酸体系中的降解产物，结果表明，在88％甲酸溶液中的主要降解产物是1，3-二羟基-2-丙酮和羟基乙醛，其降解途径是C-4位上的羟基质子化形成碳正离子的重排反应。在4％、8％盐酸、甲酸溶液中的主要降解产物是5-羟甲基糠醛，其降解途径是C-2位上的羟基质子化形成碳正离子的重排反应。
英文摘要：
The degradation of β-D-glucose in formic acid solution has been studied. The effects of temperature （55-75 ℃ ） and retention time （0-2 h） have been investigated. It has been revealed that β-D-glucose is only marginally degraded in formic acid, but severely degraded in formic acid with hydrochloric acid. The degradation products of β-D-glucose at 75 ℃ for 4 h have been analyzed by GC-MS. The main degradation products are 1,3-dihydroxyl-2-acetone and hydroxyl acetaldehyde in 88 % formic acid, however 5-methoxyl furfural in formic acid with hydrochloric acid. The route of degradation is the protonation and cleavage of the hydroxyl group on the C-4 in formic acid, while on the C-2 in formic acid with hydrochloric acid, where the protonation of hydroxyl group results in the rearrangement of carbon cation before completing the dehydration reaction. Experimental observations supported these two degradation pathways.
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