中文摘要：

氯盐外侵和内掺氯盐是耐久性研究经常采用的两种加速试验方法．通过大量的构件破型发现：氯盐外侵试件中钢筋的锈蚀为靠近混凝土保护层一侧锈蚀比较严重，而背向一侧几乎没有发生；内掺氯盐试件中钢筋的锈蚀特征为钢筋四周均发生锈蚀，靠近混凝土保护层一侧的锈蚀较背向保护层的一侧严重．理论分析和试验研究结果表明混凝土内钢筋锈蚀特征取决于钢筋内外表面的活化状态及钢筋内外表面间宏观腐蚀电流Ig．

英文摘要：

The corrosion characteristics of steel bar in concrete is decided by the corrosion current dis-tribution along the circumference of the steel bar. The destruction of a large number of specimens indicated that the corrosion by chloride contaminated distributes on the surface of the steel bar facing the concrete cover, but the corrosion by mixed-into chloride distributes along the perimeter of the steel bar, and the corrosion level away from the concrete cover is lower than that of facing the concrete cover. The theoretical analysis and test results indicate that the corrosion characteristics of steel bar in concrete depends on active or passive state of the rehar surface facing the concrete cover and back to the concrete cover as well as mac rocell corrosion current Ig between the half surface of the steel bar facing the concrete cover and that back to the concrete cover.