中文摘要：

由于不同时频分析方法有其特有时频特性,为提高煤田地震资料处理精细程度,对比研究选择最佳方法十分重要。针对短时傅氏变换、小波变换、S变换,Wigner-Ville分布及其改进分布和Choi-Williams分布等几种经典时频分析方法,进行数值模拟研究,分别从时间分辨率、频率分辨率及干扰项影响程度等详细分析了各种方法的优缺点。最后选用SPWVD进行初至拾取和S变换分频显示解释陷落柱,取得了良好的效果。

英文摘要：

In the light of the characteristic time-frequency properties of different time-frequency analysis methods, it is important to select an optimal time-frequency analysis method for high precision seismic exploration in the coal field on the basis of comparing and studying these methods. Aimed at probing into STFT, Wavelet Transform, S-Transform, Choi-Williams Distribution, Wigner-Ville Distribution and its improved methods, this paper studied advantages and disadvantages of every method through numerical simulation in time resolution, frequency resolution and interference. The First Break Picking and Separate Frequency Display for Collapse Column interpretation were realized by SPWVD and S-Transform, with a good result obtained.