中文摘要：

利益相关者理论是现代企业理论的新发展，但该理论存在明显的局限性，无法从本质上解释企业利益相关者之间的依存与互斥关系；共生理论在经济与社会领域迅速发展，包含并超越了利益相关者理论。本文以共生理论为研究基础，突破了利益相关者理论的缺陷，将企业视为一个各利益主体参与的共生系统，提出了利益相关者共生的4个基本要素：共生单元、共生模式、共生环境和共生界面，从更深层面解释了3个问题：企业利益相关者相互之间的作用机制、企业作为一个共生体的演进机理以及企业共生利益的产生。

英文摘要：

The stakeholder theory is a new development direction of modern enterprise theory , but this theory has obvious limitations , and it can not explain the essence of relationship between enterprises and stakeholders . Symbiosis theory develops quickly in the field of economy and society , and it surpasses stakeholder theory .Based on the symbiosis theory , and regarding the enterprise as a symbiotic system , four basic elements on symbiosis rela-tionship including symbiosis unit , symbiosis model , symbiosis environment and symbiosis interface are proposed in order to expound the following three questions：mechanism between enterprise stakeholders , evolution of enterprise as a symbiont , and generation of enterprise symbiotic interests .